2013 Feb;31(1):79-138. doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2012.09.008. Treatments focus on relieving the inflammation that causes the symptoms. Images of the spinal cord and brain are obtained. Absoud M, Greenberg BM, Lim M, Lotze T, Thomas T, Deiva K. Pediatric transverse myelitis.Neurology. Medications to reduce recurrence of TM are under study. The term Causes of transverse myelitis include infections, immune system disorders, and other disorders that may damage or destroy myelin, the fatty white insulating substance that covers nerve cell fibers. People with inflammation in the neck typically feel symptoms from the neck down, while inflammation in the middle of the spine can cause symptoms from the waist down.If you suspect that you have transverse myelitis, your healthcare provider will likely review your medical history and do a complete physical exam. Bratisl Lek Listy. Epub 2014 Oct 5 Inflammation is the body’s natural way of protecting itself. It might be started by an immune disease or reaction that particularly affects the nervous system from: Much like other neurological diseases, the diagnosis of TM is made by ruling out other diagnoses first. There are various causes to trigger the condition. Transverse myelitis is a rare clinical syndrome in which an immune-mediated process causes neural injury to the spinal cord.
Although TM can develop at any age, there are two peak times when the number of new cases per year appears to occur. There are two subgroups of TM, acute complete transverse myelitis (ACTM) which has long areas of nerve demyelination, and acute partial transverse myelitis (APTM) which has shorter areas of nerve demyelination. Points of view or opinions do not, therefore, necessarily represent official Administration for Community Living policy. These are possible symptoms:Where in the body these symptoms occur depends on what part of the spinal cord is inflamed. Gronseth, B.G. A clinical practice guideline for health care professionals is available for diagnosis and treatment: Since some people with transverse myelitis have autoimmune diseases such as lupus, some doctors believe that transverse myelitis may also be an autoimmune disease. What is transverse myelitis? This inflammation can damage myelin, the fatty substance that covers your nerves. Transverse myelitis--a review of the presentation, diagnosis, and initial management. Because transverse myelitis can be caused by a number of treatable conditions, your provider may want to test for some of those diseases. Long term illnesses with unpredictable outcomes can be mentally fatiguing for both the individual and family.
Some people recover from TM with minor or no lasting problems, while others have long lasting impairments that affect their ability to perform ordinary tasks of daily living. Steroids are mainly prescribed during the first few weeks of illness to decrease inflammation even though the effectiveness is unclear. Be sure to talk with your healthcare provider about when you would need to call them.Your healthcare provider will likely advise you to call him or her if any symptoms you are having become worse, including weakness, numbness or other changes in sensation, or changes in bladder or bowel control.People who have serious long-term effects from transverse myelitis, such as paralysis or loss of bladder or bowel control, can also develop a number of other complications. Neurol Clin. The immune system, which normally protects the body from foreign organisms, mistakenly attacks the body’s own tissue, which causes inflammation and, in some cases, damage to the spinal cord myelin. An MRI can show inflammation of the spinal cord and other potential causes of the symptoms, including abnormalities affecting the spinal cord or blood vessels. Review. Many laboratory studies are being conducted to add to the body of existing knowledge. According to the Mayo Clinic, transverse myelitis causes inflammation of both sides of one part of the spinal cord and can interfere with the messages spinal cord nerves send to the rest of the body. Pediatric acute transverse myelitis overview and differential diagnosis. No known onset trigger occurs in 16-60% of cases. First emergency conditions must be eliminated. Discov Med. Loss of myelin often leads to spinal cord scarring that blocks nerve impulses and results in physical problems.Transverse myelitis is a relatively rare disease.
Indicative of TM are aquaporin-4 antibody and anti-myelin oligodendrocytes. A history and physical examination are completed. The autonomic nervous system, the part of the nervous system that controls the automatic functions of your body such as heartbeat, is also affected. First published December 7, 2011, DOI: Extensive research is being conducted to find the cause of TM at the molecular level. 1990; 81:431-5. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke suggests that the disease may be caused by an infection. 2013 Oct;16(88):167-77. Review. Treatment is guided by the symptoms and results of testing. These times occur between ages ten and 19 years and between 30 and 39 years of age.
These tests might need to be repeated in about a week to find changes indicative of a diagnosis. The prognosis of acute and subacute transverse myelopathy based on early signs and symptoms.
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