Baraniuk JN, Rhinitis medicamentosa is an example of this subtype in which the use of topical decongestants for longer than three to five days results in a rebound nonallergic vascular congestion.Hormonal rhinitis refers to the onset of nasal congestion and rhinorrhea associated with endogenous female hormones.Occupational rhinitis is a result of occupational exposures, ranging from latex and flour to chemicals and particles. Beyond that, clinical characteristics help define the conditions. Rhinitis and sinusitis occur together in most individuals. Jenkins D, Rhinitis medicamentosa is an example of this subtype in which the use of topical decongestants for longer than three to five days results in a rebound nonallergic vascular congestion. Gustatory rhinitis: a syndrome of food-induced rhinorrhea. Quillen DM, Nonallergic rhinitis, with a focus on vasomotor rhinitis: clinical importance, differential diagnosis, and effective treatment recommendations. Rijntjes E. First-line therapies include intranasal corticosteroids, intranasal antihistamines, and intranasal ipratropium. Smith P. Capasso M, Purello-D'Ambrosio F, Diagnosing rhinitis: allergic vs. nonallergic.
Banov CH,
Consensus definition of nonallergic rhinopathy, previously referred to as vasomotor rhinitis, nonallergic rhinitis, and/or idiopathic rhinitis. Sur DK, Characteristics such as no evidence of allergy or defined triggers help define clinical subtypes. A post hoc analysis of a one-year, randomized, open-label, active-controlled, parallel study in 612 patients with perennial allergic rhinitis or nonallergic rhinitis showed the combination of fluticasone propionate and azelastine is effective in the treatment of both conditions.Intranasal ipratropium has been proven effective in decreasing rhinorrhea and is a reasonable monotherapy for patients who have rhinorrhea as a predominant symptom, particularly those with gustatory nonallergic rhinitis or weather-induced nonallergic rhinitis, such as skiers and joggers.Decongestants effectively manage congestion regardless of etiology. Ophir D. Nonallergic rhinitis: common problem, chronic symptoms. Brandt D, They can be perennial, persistent, intermittent, or seasonal. Garrelds IM, Efficacy of azelastine nasal spray in the treatment of vasomotor (perennial nonallergic) rhinitis. Meltzer EO, Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! DENISE K.C.
It presents as watery rhinorrhea that worsens in response to patient-identified triggers, including food, odors, or environmental irritants.Gustatory rhinitis represents a nasal response to consuming specific foods (e.g., spicy foods) or liquids (e.g., alcohol).Drug-induced rhinitis can occur with use of various medications and illicit drugs, including antihypertensives, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors, and cocaine. Lieberman PL,
et al. Berger G,
et al. The condition’s official name is rhinitis medicamentosa, and it has one cause: overusing decongestant nasal sprays.
Thomsen SF, The inferior turbinate mast cell population of patients with perennial allergic and nonallergic rhinitis. The skier's nose: a model of cold-induced rhinorrhea. Ratner P, Baraniuk JN, Fokkens WJ, Determining and avoiding the trigger are key to treatment.Cerebrospinal fluid leak or rhinorrhea is included in some lists of subtypes and should be considered in patients with a history of cranial or facial trauma or intranasal surgery presenting with a persistent unilateral clear rhinorrhea that is increased with bending over.Diagnosing chronic nonallergic rhinitis can be challenging because nasal congestion and rhinorrhea can also occur with allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis. Darter AL, De Lucia A, Treatment is symptom-driven and similar to that of allergic rhinitis. Feller DB. Carney AS, Assessment of a rhinitis questionnaire in a seasonal allergic rhinitis population. Evidence for an inflammatory pathophysiology in idiopathic rhinitis. Segboer C, Platts-Mills TA, Godthelp T, Treatment of allergic rhinitis. Ricciardi L, LaForce CF, Gorissen R, Useful to relieve toothache or possible causes loss of hearing loss : A lesson in Precision Medicine. Hoshino T, Gevorgyan A, KleinJan A, Nonallergic rhinitis was previously a diagnosis of exclusion. Treatment of allergic rhinitisAddress correspondence to Denise K.C.
Although chronic nonallergic rhinitis represents at least 23% of rhinitis cases in the United States and impacts an estimated 20 to 30 million patients, its pathophysiology is unclear.An intranasal corticosteroid or intranasal antihistamine alone should be the initial treatment for nonallergic rhinitis if symptoms are not rhinorrhea-predominant.Combination therapy with an intranasal corticosteroid and intranasal antihistamine is better than either treatment alone.Intranasal ipratropium should be the initial treatment for rhinorrhea in patients with gustatory nonallergic rhinitis.An intranasal corticosteroid plus intranasal ipratropium is more effective than either treatment alone for rhinorrhea.Decongestants may be used in the treatment of nonallergic rhinitis, but only in the short term because of adverse effects.Nasal irrigation may be used for nonallergic rhinitis.An intranasal corticosteroid or intranasal antihistamine alone should be the initial treatment for nonallergic rhinitis if symptoms are not rhinorrhea-predominant.Combination therapy with an intranasal corticosteroid and intranasal antihistamine is better than either treatment alone.Intranasal ipratropium should be the initial treatment for rhinorrhea in patients with gustatory nonallergic rhinitis.An intranasal corticosteroid plus intranasal ipratropium is more effective than either treatment alone for rhinorrhea.Decongestants may be used in the treatment of nonallergic rhinitis, but only in the short term because of adverse effects.Nasal irrigation may be used for nonallergic rhinitis.A negative result on allergy testing is one unifying characteristic of the chronic nonallergic rhinitis subtypes.
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