2018;140:201-247. doi: 10.1016/bs.irn.2018.07.007. Drugs that act on the brain oxytocin (OXT) system may provide a much-needed treatment breakthrough for substance-use disorders.
Elsevier Science
Opioid addiction has devastating health and socio‐economic consequences, and current pharmacotherapy is limited and often accompanied by side effects, thus novel treatment is warranted. There is now strong evidence that OT …
Curr Top Behav Neurosci. Traditionally, the neurohypophyseal peptide oxytocin (OT) is known for its effects on mediating reward, social affiliation and bonding, stress and learning and memory. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. 2008 May;154(2):358-68. doi: 10.1038/bjp.2008.132.Int Rev Neurobiol.
Epub 2020 Mar 3.Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med.
Extremely traumatic events such as childhood abuse can lead to post-traumatic stress disorder (Addiction can also lead to changes in brain connections; and the areas changed by both trauma and addiction can overlap.The amygdala, one region in the brain that experiences these changes, is rich in oxytocin receptors and can become hyperreactive in response to stress, say researchers. A new study finds that oxytocin, a hormone produced naturally in the hypothalamus, has a different effect on men and women when used as a treatment for … This hormone is often called the love hormone and is associated with social bonding. Oxytocin and Addiction. A recent article in the international journal Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior explored the current state of research linking oxytocin and addiction. The article, guest edited by Dr. Femke Buisman-Pijlman from the University of Adelaide’s School of Medical Sciences, suggests that addictive behaviour such as drug and alcohol abuse could be associated with … Targeting the brain OXT system has the potential to treat addiction to all major classes of addictive substance and to intervene across all stages of the addiction cycle. While the amygdala of men with cocaine addiction would become highly active in response to visual drug cues, that of women with cocaine addiction and a history of trauma showed little activity.“When the women with trauma were viewing the cocaine cues on placebo, they didn’t have a strong response to begin with, which was surprising,” said Jane E. Joseph, Ph.D., a professor in the Department of Neuroscience.“In fact, the treatment with oxytocin led to the response in the brain to drug paraphernalia being enhanced and exacerbated.”Historically, cocaine-addicted women tend to have worse treatment outcomes compared to their male counterparts.
However, as this study only looked at drug cues and craving responses, these hypotheses must be tested in future studies.Current therapies for addiction may not have been developed with attention to how gender affects treatment responses, perhaps accounting in part for the increased rates of treatment failures in women.Better understanding of the intricacies of trauma, addiction and gender differences could move addiction researchers one step closer to finding effective and personalized therapies for everyone.“The search for a medication to treat cocaine use disorder has been unsuccessful to date,” said Kathleen T. Brady, M.D., Ph.D., a professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and MUSC vice president for research.“Exploring subgroups of individuals, such as those with childhood trauma, and agents with novel mechanisms of action, like oxytocin, is critical to moving the field forward.”Psych Central does not provide medical or psychological
2004 Feb;161(2):223. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.223.Brain Res. eCollection 2019.Hereditas.
Name must be less than 100 characters 2020 Jan 27:a039339. addiction and prevention of relapse.
Elsevier Science This study clearly points to the need to flesh out the trauma-induced changes in the brain, explore how they differ by gender and better understand how they affect addiction.It also suggests that treating women with a history of childhood trauma with oxytocin alone might increase both amygdala activity and cravings, potentially leading to a higher incidence of relapse.“Even though more men use cocaine, it really has more devastating effects on women when they relapse, and they’re much more sensitive to cocaine,” said Joseph.Joseph offers several potential explanations for the study’s surprising findings.
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