Animal studies suggest an initial preferential distribution in lungs, brain, spleen, heart, and kidney. In the presence of severe hypotension requiring vasopressor therapy, the preferred drugs may be norepinephrine or angiotensin. Clinical manifestations of NMS are hyperpyrexia, muscle rigidity, altered mental status, and evidence of autonomic instability (irregular pulse or blood pressure, tachycardia, diaphoresis, and cardiac dysrhythmias).The diagnostic evaluation of patients with this syndrome is complicated. Antipsychotic treatment itself, however, may suppress (or partially suppress) the signs and symptoms of the syndrome and thereby may possibly mask the underlying disease process. Seizures have been reported in patients receiving loxapine at antipsychotic dose levels, and may occur in epileptic patients even with maintenance of routine anticonvulsant drug therapy. The deaths appeared to be either cardiovascular (eg, heart failure, sudden death) or infectious (eg, pneumonia) in nature.This drug is not approved for the treatment of patients with dementia-related psychosis.Documented hypersensitivity; severe CNS depression; severe liver or cardiac disease, bone marrow suppression; narrow-angle glaucomaCNS depression (including coma), neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), poorly controlled seizure disorderCaution in patients with cardiovascular disease or seizures; watch for hypotension if administering IM; in patients taking benzodiazepines, loxapine should be preceded by stopping benzodiazepine therapy for 2 weeks to avoid drug interactions capable of respiratory depressionMay cause somnolence, postural hypotension, motor and sensory instability, which may lead to falls and, consequently, fractures or other injuries; perform complete fall risk assessments when initiating antipsychotic treatment and recurrently for patients on long-term antipsychotic therapyFDA Warning regarding off-label use for dementia in elderlyCan cause bronchospasm that has potential to lead to respiratory distress and respiratory arrest (See BBW)Neonates exposed to antipsychotic drugs during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy are at risk for extrapyramidal and/or withdrawal symptoms following deliveryThese complications vary in severity; in some cases, symptoms have been self-limited, while in other cases neonates have required intensive care unit support and prolonged hospitalizationA: Generally acceptable.
288259-overview Daily dosage (in terms of base equivalents) should be adjusted to the individual patient's needs as assessed by the severity of symptoms and previous history of response to antipsychotic drugs.Initial dosage of 10 mg twice daily is recommended, although in severely disturbed patients initial dosage up to a total of 50 mg daily may be desirable. Five Healthy Lifestyle Choices Tied to Dramatic Cut in Dementia RiskNew Data on Birth Defects With Antidepressant Use in PregnancySupplement Plus Probiotic May Improve Depressive Symptoms COVID-19 Tied to Wide Range of Neuropsychiatric ComplicationsGenetic Links to Drug and Alcohol Use Among Young People With Mental Health RisksFast Five Quiz: Schizophrenia Differential DiagnosisShare cases and questions with Physicians on Medscape consult. If you log out, you will be required to enter your username and password the next time you visit. Maintenance Dose: 60 mg to 100 mg daily in divided doses, 2 to 4 times a day. Linezolid (Zyvox) is a prescription antibiotic that is used to treat various bacterial infections like pneumonia, skin infections, and some types of meningitis. Loxapine administration to nursing women should be avoided if clinically possible.Safety and effectiveness of loxapine in pediatric patients have not been established.Extrapyramidal Symptoms - Neuromuscular (extrapyramidal) reactions during the administration of loxapine have been reported frequently, often during the first few days of treatment. The first doses of the medication may be given by an injection into the muscle. Therefore, caution is advised if the concomitant administration of loxapine and CNS-active drugs is required.Neonates exposed to antipsychotic drugs, during the third trimester of pregnancy are at risk for extrapyramidal and/or withdrawal symptoms following delivery. and untreated or inadequately treated extrapyramidal signs and symptoms (EPS). and formulary information changes. Loxapine (several trade names worldwide) is a typical antipsychotic medication used primarily in the treatment of schizophrenia.The drug is a member of the dibenzoxazepine class and structurally related to clozapine.Several researchers have argued that loxapine may behave as an atypical antipsychotic.. Loxapine may be metabolized by N-demethylation to amoxapine, a tricyclic antidepressant. We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects.
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